3. loeng. Uus meedia...?

 Influence of Wikipedia on material search

It was much more difficult to find all necessary information 20 years before. Information sources were incomplete and it took too much time to access to all of them. But, nowadays, we have opposite problem. There are too much information.  Happily, in 2001 was opened source called Wikipedia, which still remains one of the most reliable source.

The main idea of Wikipedia was to create encyclopedia, which allows to every person edit it or write new topics. It´s older brother was "Nupeida". It had success in the time, but it was hard to get the access to write there, so the source was developing very slow.

3d map of Wikipedia topics

Today Wikipedia is the most famous site. To safe the credibility of the source it has rules: topic has to be written in encyclopedia format(no author opinion), the topic has to have neutral point of view, topic´s sources are free to read. Otherwise, the topic will be deleted.

In 2006 portal "Nature" published topic with the research. It shows that "Wikipedia comes close to Britannica in terms of the accuracy of its science entries".

To conclude, Wikipedia always developing and has so much information, that it would be impossible to make physical analog of it. And considering all its capacity, it has still remained reliable. Certainly, Wikipedia make a big difference in the information searching.

sources:

https://www.nature.com/articles/438900a

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Your_first_article

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jMWLE1vgTA8&ab_channel=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%86

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B8

2. loeng "Arpanetist Facebookini - Interneti kujunemislugu"

 "Retro stuff"

Radio transmission of programs

For the first time, the radio downloading was available for public in Bristol radio program "Datarama".  Listeners with the tape recorder could record a "special cacophony of sounds" and convert the sounds into bites sequence. This is how it sounded. The first thing that program´s authors decided to send was 40x80 photo of  actress Cheryl Ladd.

That method began to become famous and it started to develop. For instance, "Hobbyscoop" company  even developed special cassette BASICODE format for the BASIC apps. It started to be available to download programs and even computer games. From 1983 to 1968 well-known broadcast of the Yugoslav show "Fan 202" had made 150 programs: from calculators to flight simulators. The broadcast was so famous that it began translating in national TV. 

However, the culture of  the "radio transmission" faded away as quickly as another ways of transmitting information have entered everyday life: for example, floppy disks.

sources:
https://www.basingstoke.me.uk/datarama/

https://www.audiomania.ru/content/art-6214.html

Vinyl

The oldest phonograph record dates in 1860, but vinyl has still remained well known. Even, considering that nowadays there are better ways to record audio, for example SACD (Super Audio CD), still a lot of people prefer vinyl to digital format. Basically, those people are mainly old music lovers. In fact, in that case vinyl has indeed better sound´s quality, because, primordial, that music was recorded to vinyl and only then it had been rewritten to digital format.

In my point of view, vinyl will exist as long, as people will listen classic music. Using the argument "Rock never dies" and formal logic, we could calculate the vinyl´s end. 

sources: demon.com

https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/9a7x48/listen-to-the-eerie-warbles-of-the-oldest-sound-recording-in-history

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0

E-ITSPEA 1: Noppeid IT ajaloost

Unrealized IT projects

    Nowadays IT technology is one of the basic column of the modern infrastructure. However, for reaching that point a lot of brilliant minds had spent their lives on the researching this area. Unfortunately, a lot of them had not even managed to end their projects. Today´s post is about these stories.

Babbage´s Difference engine  

    The world had found out Babbage´s Difference engine in 1862 in the paper with the title "Note on the application of machinery to the computation of astronomical and mathematical tables".[1]  The author of that paper was Charles Babbage. The British government was interested in the project. The machine could save for them a lot of money and time. So they give him 1700£ to start. Despite the good beginning, the fate of the project was unsuccessful. There were two reasons for that. First of all, the machine appeared to be too expensive. Babbage spent over 17 000£ by the time government abandoned the project in 1984. This is ten times more than the given at the beginning budget. Another reason was next. During the work on this project Babbage attention was moved to analytical engine. The research gave him new difference engine concept and the previous project became obsolete.  His Difference engine was completely finished and built only in 2002 and had not practical usage. Though, his first difference engine made difference in IT developing. For instance, Swedish inventor Georg Scheutzian was inspirited by Babbage machine, so he created his own model. Scheutzian´s work was finished in 1843 by his son.

    The moral can be next: Before the project starts, you should also think about the implementation and search for materials. Not only about the idea

"Babbage Difference engine"

source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Difference_engine

The first program code

    Augusta Ada King, Countess of Lovelace, the only legitimate child of poet Lord Byron, first programmer, The Unburnt. In 1843 was published her note. It describes the algorithm of the Analythic Engine of Babbage. This note is considered to be the first program. It was a great scientific work and it had success at the time. However Analythic Engine has been never built and her code had been never launched. So her work was not realized.

    From the point of view of capitalism and profit projects we can learn from the story that you should estimate if the risk costs your efforts. 

"The first published computer algorithm"

source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ada_Lovelace

Copeland

    In the race of the best operation system in the 90`s was winning Microsoft Windows 95. Apple attempted to create it`s own system to compete in this race. The system name was Copeland. It was up-and-coming project with a lot of functions and features. For example, it supposed to have 3D user interaction, improved search engine optimization and much more. However, an infinite number of hard technologies(there were also ideas like to make Copeland capable of running Windows applications) made this project too unstable and too time-consuming.

    The lesson that can give that story is: make your aims certain and follow it only.

"Copeland "

sources: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copland

https://www.pcworld.com/article/152103/it_project_failures.html?page=2